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1-19 of 19
- After his mother's early death, he grew up in modest circumstances with six step-siblings after his father remarried. Kiesinger attended secondary school in Ebingen and the Catholic teachers' college in Rottweil, before graduating from high school in Stuttgart. In 1925 he began studying philosophy and history in Tübingen, but dropped out after a year to study law and political science in Berlin. During his student days, Kiesinger was involved in Catholic student associations. In 1931 and 1934 he passed the first and second state examinations in law. In 1932 he married Marie-Luise Schneider.
Kiesinger was a member of the NSDAP from 1933 to 1945, from which he did not leave despite growing skepticism towards Nazi politics. Although he actually aspired to a university career, Kiesinger began working as a lawyer at the Berlin Court of Appeal and as a private law teacher from 1935 onward. In 1940 he was employed as a research scientist in the broadcasting department of the Reich Foreign Ministry. Three years later, in 1943, he was promoted to deputy department head. According to internal Nazi files, Kiesinger used his position at that time to hinder anti-Jewish actions. After the end of the war, Kiesinger served several months in prison in the Ludwigsburg internment camp. In 1948 he was admitted to the bar in Tübingen.
At the same time, he became state manager of the CDU, for which he entered the Bundestag for the first time in 1949. His brilliant rhetoric earned him the nickname "King Silvertongue." In the new German parliament he served as chairman of the Mediation Committee and the Foreign Affairs Committee until 1958. As early as 1950/51 he joined the party and executive board of the CDU. Kiesinger was also a member of the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe from 1950 to 1958. On December 17, 1958, Kiesinger was elected Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg by the state parliament in Stuttgart. In 1960 he formed a coalition government with the FDP, which also emerged victorious in the subsequent state elections in 1964.
As a result of the FDP's departure from the Bonn government coalition and the crisis in Ludwig Erhard's government that this triggered in autumn 1966, the CDU/CSU nominated Kurt Kiesinger as the successor to the failed Chancellor. Kiesinger formed a grand coalition with the SPD and was elected by parliament as the third Chancellor of the Federal Republic on December 1, 1966. A few months later, he succeeded Erhard as CDU party chairman. The grand coalition was able to achieve some successes internally, especially in the economic and financial areas. However, Kiesinger's time in government also saw the adoption of the controversial emergency laws, which plunged the Federal Republic into a serious crisis of credibility and its first domestic political test as part of the generational conflict and student protests well into the 1970s.
At the same time, Kiesinger initiated an initial opening towards the Eastern Bloc states in the foreign policy field in 1967/68 with the establishment of diplomatic relations with Romania and Yugoslavia as well as trade contacts with the CSSR. The Chancellor made numerous state visits not only to neighboring European states, but also to Asia, including in September 1968 to the politically controversial Iran. On the occasion of the 1969 federal election, the SPD, in alliance with the FDP, achieved a slight predominance over the Union parties. Kurt Kiesinger moved to the opposition bench in the Bundestag, where he subsequently lost increasing influence compared to the parliamentary group leader Rainer Barzel and the Rhineland-Palatinate Prime Minister Helmut Kohl.
In 1971, Kiesinger therefore decided not to run again for the party chairmanship, to which Barzel was then appointed. Although Kiesinger retained a political role in the party as honorary CDU chairman and member of the Bundestag, he was hardly at the forefront anymore. In 1980 he resigned from parliament as a result of his decision not to stand as a candidate in the federal elections. In the years that followed, Kiesinger lived largely withdrawn from the political stage. It was only in 1984 that he once again came into the limelight of public interest, on the occasion of his 80th birthday and the tributes from numerous personalities of the Federal Republic's political culture. - Klaus Barner was born in 1933. He was an actor, known for Es wäre gut, daß ein Mensch würde umbracht für das Volk (1991), Das Messer (1971) and Der schwarze Bumerang (1982). He died on 26 July 2022 in nearby Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Hölderlin grew up in a pietistic family environment. From 1784 to 1788 he was a student at the monastery schools in Denkendorf and Maulbronn. He then studied philosophy and theology at the Tübingen monastery. There he met Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Friedrich Wilhelm Schelling, with whom he temporarily shared a room. In 1790 he founded a poets' association with Christian Ludwig Neuffer and Rudolf Magenau. In the Tübingen monastery, the ideas of the French Revolution were enthusiastically received, just as the political and theological situation in the country was met with rejection. During his time at the monastery, Hölderlin studied the works of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz, Plato, Friedrich Schiller, Benedictus de Spinoza and Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, which strongly influenced his thinking.
In 1790, Hölderlin received his doctorate in philosophy. In 1793 he completed his consistory examination. Nevertheless, he did not choose the spiritual profession because being a writer was closer to his heart. In order to realize this, he took on a number of court master positions to earn a living. Friedrich Schiller gave him a position as court master with the von Kalb family in Waltershausen, which Hölderlin held from 1793 to 1795. He then moved to Jena and attended lectures by the philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte. From 1796 to 1798 he was court master for the Frankfurt banking family Jakob Friedrich Gontard. Hölderlin fell in love with the banker's wife, Susette Gontard. She found her way into Hölderlin's poetry as Diotima. This period was the most productive in the poet's life.
When an argument with the banker arose because of his affection for Susette Gontard, Hölderlin left Frankfurt and went to Homburg. There he stayed with his friend Isaac von Sinclair, the highest official in the county, from 1798 to 1800. He then stayed briefly in Stuttgart and Nürtingen and then in 1801 took on two more court master positions in Hauptwil in Switzerland and in Bordeaux in France. In 1802 he returned to Germany. The first signs of Hölderlin's mental illness became noticeable. During a period of improvement, larger poems were written. Isaak von Sinclair got him a job as a librarian in Homburg. In 1806 his health deteriorated significantly and the poet had to go to a clinic in Tübingen for treatment.
The following year he was discharged as incurable. Hölderlin had become in need of care. Master carpenter Ernst Zimmer from Tübingen took over the care of the patient. The poet lived with him in a tower-like annex for 36 years in mental confusion. During his lifetime, Hölderlin only published the Sophocles translation, a few lyrical works and the novel "Hyperion or the Hermit in Greece (1797-1799). Due to the few publications, he remained largely unknown to his contemporaries. Hölderlin's view of the comprehensive unity of life as a contrast to the disunity of the present. For this ideal of man and society he chose ancient Greece, which he elevated to the future age with divine unity.
The poet tried to regain the loss of unity through human reflection through his poetry. In his work, pantheism and Christian doctrine confront each other, the synthesis of which the poet was no longer able to carry out in detail due to his illness. But Hölderlin also dealt strongly with this unity and wholeness of man, nature and gods in his lyrical works. Hölderlin's lyrical expression was based on ancient models. In lyrical development, his path led from various formal and metrical experiments through odes and elegies to hymns, which he created in free rhythms and thus the influence of Pindar became noticeable. Particularly in his hymns, Hölderlin represented the view of the poet as a mediator between the absolute and man.
The utopian idea of unity in the early hymns returned in the later works. In his odes, Hölderlin preferred to use the Alkaean and Asclepiadean verses. - From 1933 onwards he visited the Johanneum in Hamburg. After graduating from high school, which he passed in 1941 due to the war, he studied German and classical philology, first in his hometown of Hamburg and then in Freiburg. Because of his severe asthma, he was spared from serving in the war. He received his doctorate in 1944. phil. Four years later he completed his habilitation in Tübingen. From 1950 he taught classical philology there. In 1956 he was appointed professor of classical philology in Tübingen. In 1957 he published the stories "The Testament of Odysseus" and "Instead of a Literary History". From 1963 he headed the newly established Chair of General Rhetoric until his retirement.
From 1950, Walter Jens was a member of the writers' association "Group 47". Jens has published numerous philological papers. He became known to a wider audience as an editor, novelist, critic, radio and television author, speaker and as an editor and translator of ancient and biblical texts. For example, he translated a Bible. Well-known novels from the 1950s and early 1960s are the utopia "No - The World of the Accused" and the fictional correspondence about failure entitled "Mr. Meier". Walter Jens' novels often contain reflections on literature. He also created numerous literary-critical writings. A large part of his oeuvre is the adaptation of biblical and ancient pieces and materials.
From 1947 to 1955, numerous works with anti-fascist themes were published, with which Walter Jens opposed the restorative politics of the Federal Republic. In the turbulent times of the late 1960s, Walter Jens expressed his radical democratic commitment to Germany's development. From 1963 to 1985 he worked under the pseudonym Momos as a television critic for the weekly newspaper "Die Zeit". From 1976 to 1982 and after the death of Martin Gregor Dellin until 1989, Walter Jens was President of the PEN Center of the Federal Republic of Germany. His title "Republican Speeches" was published in 1976. Between 1989 and 1997 he headed the Academy of Arts in Berlin as its president. In October 1998, Walter Jens was honored with the Ernst Reuter plaque.
In his narrative work, Walter Jens describes the present with a style that approaches the abstract while remaining rational. Even in old age, Walter Jens retained his democratic views and argumentative nature. So he intervened in the choice of the bad word of the year 2000 and suggested the term "German dominant culture" used by Union parliamentary group leader Friedrich Merz. For him, this brings with it memories of National Socialism. On the other hand, he rejected this term because culture cannot be directed and because it is open and contradictory. Jens recalled that many foreigners spoke the German language more "elegantly" than many Germans themselves. He advocated that foreigners in Germany should retain their cultural identity.
In his literary-critical texts he advocates a type of modern novel that combines philosophy, poetry and science. His utopian play "No - The World of the Accused" about a totalitarian state is in the tradition of Franz Kafka. Walter Jens then developed his own material about the changing world and the turmoil of reality. Together with his wife, Walter Jens wrote the biography "Frau Thomas Mann. The Life of Katharina Pringsheim" about Thomas Mann's wife, Katharina Mann. For this purpose, the author couple evaluated Katharina Mann's correspondence with her mother and her children for the first time.
They came to the conclusion that Katharina Mann by no means lived a life determined by her husband in his shadow, but always lived her own will. Walter Jens also published the works "A German University" in 2004 and "Katia's Mother" in 2005 with his wife Inge.
Walter Jens died on June 9, 2013 in Tübingen. - Gerhard Just was born on 4 July 1904 in Cottbus, Germany. He was an actor, known for Magie (1965), Haus Herzenstod (1964) and Der Prozeß Carl von O. (1964). He was married to Charlotte Schreiber-Just. He died on 5 August 1977 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Friedrich Silcher was born on 27 June 1789 in Schnaith, Duchy of Württemberg, Holy Roman Empire [now Weinstadt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany]. He was married to Luise Enslin. He died on 26 August 1860 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Theodor Eschenburg was born on 24 October 1904 in Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. He was a writer, known for Wie hältst du's mit der Politik? - Kleiner Test des deutschen Wählers (1965), Fragen zur Zeit (1969) and Zeugen des Jahrhunderts (1979). He died on 10 July 1999 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Helmut Palmer was born on 8 May 1930 in Untertürkheim, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. He died on 24 December 2004 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Ugge Bärtle was born in 1909 in Germany. He died in 1990 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Wolfgang Schadewald was born on 15 March 1900 in Berlin, Germany. He was a writer, known for Das Schiedsgericht (1964), Die Bakchen (1974) and Antigone (1989). He died on 10 November 1974 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Ernst Bloch was born on 8 July 1885 in Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Kingdom of Bavaria [now Rhineland-Palatinate], Germany. He was married to Karola Piotrkowska, Linda Oppenheimer and Else von Stritzky. He died on 4 August 1977 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Manfred Korfmann was born on 26 April 1942 in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. He was married to Katja. He died on 11 August 2005 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Hans Mayer was born on 19 March 1907 in Cologne, Germany. He was a writer, known for Das geliebte Klischee - Wandlungen zentraler Motive der deutschen Dramatik des 20. Jahrhunderts (1971), Nach meinem letzten Umzug... (1972) and Unterwegs zur Familie Mann (2001). He died on 19 May 2001 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Writer
- Director
Fred von Hoerschelmann was born on 16 November 1901 in Haapsalu, Estonia. He was a writer and director, known for Die verschlossene Tür (1953), Dichter Nebel (1965) and Das Fenster (1961). He died on 2 June 1976 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Sibylle Mulot was born on 3 May 1950 in Reutlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. She died on 28 December 2022 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Hans Sahl was born on 20 May 1902 in Dresden, Saxony, Germany. He was a writer, known for Four in a Jeep (1951), Die Heiratsvermittlerin (1955) and Unsere kleine Stadt (1961). He died on 27 April 1993 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Writer
- Art Director
Walter Haug was born on 23 November 1927 in Glarus, Glarus, Switzerland. He was a writer and art director, known for The Grand Duke's Finances (1934), Nemo taucht auf (1965) and Professor Blaise (1970). He died on 11 January 2008 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Hans Küng was born on 19 March 1928 in Sursee, Lucerne, Switzerland. He was a director and writer, known for Spurensuche - Die Weltreligionen auf dem Weg (1999), Titel, Thesen, Temperamente (1967) and Landesschau (1957). He died on 6 April 2021 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Inge Jens was born on 11 February 1927 in Hamburg, Germany. She was married to Walter Jens. She died on 23 December 2021 in Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.